History of Society in Ancient Greece
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Perspective
The history of society in ancient Greece stretches from its Dark Ages of the 12th through the 9th century BCE to the end of its Classical Era in the 4th century BC. Politically, Greece comprised an informal league of city-states and their surrounding territories. But these were unified only once (for 13 years) under Alexander the Great.
Several hundred years after the collapse in 1000 BC of the Bronze Age civilization of Mycenae in the Peloponnesus, Greek city-states began to take root. This marked the beginning of the Archaic era and of the colonization by Greece of southern Italy and the eastern Mediterranean Basin. Classical Greece endured from the time of the wars with Persia to the 4th century BCE. As a result of the campaigns of Alexander the Great (from 334 to 323 BC), Hellenistic civilization came to flourish throughout the Near East to Central Asia and India. But the Hellenistic kingdoms in the eastern Mediterranean were then conquered by the Roman Republic, and the Greek provinces of Macedonia and Achaea were annexed during the Roman Empire. In the development of Western civilization, Classical Greece was followed by the Early Middle Ages and the Byzantine Empire.
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Index
Character • Childhood • Games and Toys • Infanticide • Class War: Mitigation • Second Phase • Wages • Death • Education • Higher Education • Physical Training • Family • Home • Cooking • Drinking • Furniture • Housing • Men • Women • Inequity • Morality • Charity • Population • Sexuality • Prostitution • Slavery: Ethos • Slave Trade • Style • Adornment • Jewelry • Cosmetics • Dress • Hair • Hygiene | City-States | Regions: Argos • Athens: Society | Attica | Boeotia | Corinth: Power | Cyclades Islands: Culture | Epidaurus | Euboea | Ionia: Chios • Colophon • Ephesus • Priene • Samos • Teos • Heraclitus the Obscure | Megara | Miletus: Society • Culture: Literature • Anaximander | Trade | Sicily: Hieron II | Sikyon | Sparta: Society • Children • Class • Environment • Marriage • Spartan Code • Men • Culture • Music • Musicians | Power: Archaic Era • Empire • Persian Civil War: Cyrus the Younger | Law | Thessaly
Character
Childhood
Class War
Class War: Second Phase
Class War: Wages
Education
Education: Higher Education
Physical Training
Environment
Family
Home: Cooking
Home: Drinking
Housing
Men
Women
Inequity
Morality
Morality: Charity
Population
Sexuality
Sexuality: Prostitution
Slavery
Slavery: Ethos
Slavery: Slave Trade
Style
Style: Adornment
Adornment: Jewelry
Style: Cosmetics
Style: Dress
Style: Hair
Hygiene
City-States
Athens
Athens: Society
Attica
Corinth
Cyclades Islands
Cyclades Islands: Culture
Epidaurus
Euboea
Ionia: Chios
Ionia: Colophon
Ionia: Ephesus
Ionia: Priene
Ionia: Samos
Ionia: Teos
Ionia: Philosophy: Heraclitus the Obscure
Megara
Miletus: Society
Miletus: Culture
Culture: Literature
Philosophy: Anaximander
Miletus: Trade
Sicily
Sicily: Power: Hieron II
Sikyon
Sparta
Sparta: Society
Society: Children
Society: Class
Society: Marriage
Society: Men
Society: Spartan Code
Sparta: Culture
Culture: Music
Music: Musicians
Sparta: Power
Power: Archaic Era
Power: Empire
Power: Persian Civil War
Persian Civil War: Cyrus the Younger
Power: Law
Thessaly