History of America 1830-1850


History of America 1830-1850


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Perspective


The history of America 1830-1850 began when Andrew Jackson won re-election in 1832. With that, Jackson made good on his threat to close the Bank of the United States. This happened as a consequence of his hatred of the Bank, which stemmed from his belief that central banking was a tool of the elite to take advantage of ordinary people. In fact, he believed he had been treated unfairly as a speculator in Western lands in earlier years. Accordingly, he replaced the Bank with compliant state banks that became known as his “pet banks”.

The new nation grew rapidly as settlers pushed west, and by 1900 most of the best farmlands and ranch lands in the West had been taken. While some Native American tribes resisted, they were overwhelmed by settlers and the United States army. They were forcibly relocated to the desolate Indian Territory after 1830. As a result, the American national character was in large part formed by the lawless environment and self-reliant individualism of the West.

The concept of Manifest Destiny held that settlers were destined to expand across the continent. But Whigs like Henry Clay and Abraham Lincoln wanted to develop America’s existing cities and industry, not add more settlement out West. The Democrats, who strongly favored expansion, won the election of 1844, and after bitter debate, the United States annexed the Republic of Texas in 1845. This led to war with Mexico, which regarded Texas, with its large population of Mexican settlers, as a part of Mexico.

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the Mexican-American War in 1848. While Democrats wanted to annex all of Mexico, southerners argued that incorporating millions of Mexicans would taint the United States as a white civilization. Instead, the U.S. took Texas, California, and New Mexico. While the Mexican residents of these areas were given full American citizenship, Native Americans became wards of the federal government. Then in 1849, gold was discovered in California, bringing on the Gold Rush and more than 100,000 miners who rushed into California within months after the news. As a result, San Francisco grew from a village to become the economic center of the Pacific Coast, with a quarter-million inhabitants by 1880.

The United States added to its territories on the Pacific coast when a compromise with Britain gave it the Oregon Territory. With that, the Oregon Trail brought in 300,000 settlers, miners, ranchers, farmers, and entrepreneurs and their families in wagon trains that took five or six months to reach California.


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Index

1830-1850 Index | Society: Class: Middle Class | Communities: CitiesRural LifeUtopian | Family | Immigration | Leisure | Reform: EducationIndian ReservationsPhilosophy of ReformPublic HealthRehabilitationTemperance Movement | Abolitionism: FactionsWilliam Lloyd GarrisonAnti-AbolitionismPolitical AbolitionismBlack Abolitionism | Culture: ArtLiteraturePhilosophy: Transcendentalism | Science and Technology | Religion | Power: GovernancePolitical PartiesLawMartin Van Buren: Panic of 1837 | William Henry Harrison | John Tyler | James Polk: GovernanceForeign Affairs | Zachary Taylor | Sectionalism: Far West | Mexican-American War: PreludeProgression | Economy: California Gold RushIndustry and Technology: Machine ToolsManufacturingFactory System: Artisanal Obsolescence | Infrastructure InventionsLabor Supply | Merchant Capitalism



history of America 1830-1850

1830-1850: Index

history of America 1830-1850 | society

Society

history of America 1830-1850 | class

Society: Class

history of America 1830-1850 | middle class

Society: Middle Class

history of America 1830-1850 | communities

Society: Communities

history of America 1830-1850 | cities

Communities: Cities

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history of America 1830-1850 | rural life

Communities: Rural Life

history of America 1830-1850 | utopian communities

Communities: Utopian

history of America 1830-1850 | family

Society: Family

history of America 1830-1850 | immigration

Society: Immigration

history of America 1830-1850 | leisure

Society: Leisure

history of America 1830-1850 | reforms

Society: Reform

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history of America 1830-1850 | reform | education

Reform: Education

Indian reservations

Reform: Indian Reservations

history of America 1830-1850 | reform | philosophy of reform

Reform: Philosophy of Reform

history of America 1830-1850 | reform | public health

Reform: Public Health

history of America 1830-1850 | reform | rehabilitation

Reform: Rehabilitation

Temperance Movement

Reform: Temperance Movement

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abolitionism

Reform: Abolitionism

history of America 1830-1850 | abolitionism | factions

Abolitionism: Factions

William Lloyd Garrison

Abolitionism: William Lloyd Garrison

anti-abolitionism

Abolitionism: Anti-Abolitionism

history of America 1830-1850 |  political abolitionism

Abolitionism: Political Abolitionism

history of America 1830-1850 |  black abolitionism

Abolitionism: Black Abolitionism

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history of America 1830-1850 | culture

Culture

history of America 1830-1850 |  art

Culture: Art

history of America 1830-1850 | literature

Culture: Literature

history of America 1830-1850 |  philosophy

Culture: Philosophy

history of America 1830-1850 | philosophy | Transcendentalism

Philosophy: Transcendentalism

history of America 1830-1850 |  science and technology

Culture: Science and Technology

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history of America 1830-1850 |  religion

Religion

history of America 1830-1850 | power

Power

history of America 1830-1850 | governance

Power: Governance

history of America 1830-1850 | political parties

Power: Political Parties

history of America 1830-1850 | law

Power: Law

Martin Van Buren

Power: Martin Van Buren

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Panic of 1837

Governance: Panic of 1837

William Henry Harrison

Power: William Henry Harrison

John Tyler

Power: John Tyler

James Polk

Power: James Polk

history of America 1830-1850 | James Polk | governance

Power: Governance

history of America 1830-1850 | James Polk | foreign affairs

Governance: Foreign Affairs

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Zachary Taylor

Power: Zachary Taylor

history of America 1830-1850 | sectionalism | Far West

Power: Sectionalism: Far West

Mexican-American War

Power: Mexican-American War

Mexican-American War | prelude

Mexican-American War: Prelude

Mexican-American War | progression

Mexican-American War: Progression

history of America 1830-1850 | economy

Economy

California Gold Rush

Economy: California Gold Rush

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history of America 1830-1850 | economy | science and technology

Economy: Science and Technology

history of America 1830-1850 | economy | machine tools

Science and Technology: Machine Tools

history of America 1830-1850 | economy | manufacturing

Economy: Manufacturing

history of America 1830-1850 | economy | factory system

Economy: Factory System

history of America 1830-1850 | economy | artisanal obsolescence

Factory System: Artisanal Obsolescence

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history of America 1830-1850 | economy | infrastructure

Economy: Infrastructure

history of America 1830-1850 | economy | inventions

Economy: Inventions

history of America 1830-1850 | economy labor supply

Economy: Labor Supply

history of America 1830-1850 | economy | merchant capitalism

Economy: Merchant Capitalism

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Samples



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